Semi-automated literature mining to identify putative biomarkers of disease from multiple biofluids

Table 2 Number of markers identified for each disease-biofluid combination

Breast Cancer	Total number of markers found	Known markers found (211 possible)	Markers producing a significant z-score (>1.0)	Known markers with a significant z-score	New markers with a significant z-score	% new discoveries
Bile	200	26	58	7	51	87.93
Blood	2084	150	196	9	187	95.41
Breastmilk
CSF	116	8	18	0	18	100.00
Mucus	63	13	8	3	5	62.50
Plasma	1002	88	100	5	95	95.00
Saliva	73	9	10	2	8	80.00
Semen	35	3	6	0	6	100
Serum	1327	106	145	6	139	95.86
SF	21	0	4	0	4	100.00
Stool	68	8	7	3	4	57.14
Sweat	123	15	28	3	25	89.29
Tears	26	2	3	0	3	100.00
Urine	310	32	38	3	35	92.11
Lung Cancer	Total number of markers found	Known markers found (211 possible)	Markers producing a significant z-score (>1.0)	Known markers with a significant z-score	New markers with a significant z-score	% new discoveries
Bile	167	17	25	1	24	96.00
Blood	1863	141	152	7	145	95.39
Breastmilk	77	15	11	2	9	81.82
CSF	106	7	11	1	10	90.91
Mucus	276	27	73	10	63	86.30
Plasma	843	75	65	4	61	93.85
Saliva	53	3	7	1	6	85.71
Semen	11	2	0	0	0	0
Serum	1109	100	103	3	100	97.09
SF	13	2	3	0	3	100.00
Stool	45	2	5	0	5	100.00
Sweat	44	5	4	0	4	100.00
Tears	12	0	1	0	1	100.00
Urine	256	30	56	6	50	89.29

Known markers were determined by identification of the given gene symbol in our known biomarker lists (Additional file 6: Table S1 or Additional file 7: Table S2). Significant markers had a z-score >1.0.